Leaders

On this page you can find data with the Leader as the unit of aggregation. All leaders for whom we have 4000 or more aggregated words are included in this spreadsheet.

Data

  • The entire sample with Leader as the unit of aggregation for Leadership Trait Analysis can be found HERE

  • The entire sample with Leader as the unit of aggregation for Operational Code can be found HERE

These data sets contain a total of 130 different leaders across 34 different countries.

Sample

SampleLTAOpCode
UKCSVCSV
USCSVCSV
OtherCSVCSV

Norming Data

SampleLTAOpCode
UKCSVCSV
USCSVCSV
FullCSVCSV

Please cite the following when referencing the data.

  • Mark Schafer, Joshua E. Lambert, Psychological Characteristics of Leaders (PsyCL): A New Data Set, Foreign Policy Analysis, Volume 18, Issue 2, April 2022, orac008, https://doi.org/10.1093/fpa/orac008

Visualization

In this section a brief visual overview of the data at the leader aggregation level is provided. Visualizations will be separated into the various psychological measures. For more info on each measure please see the FAQ page.

Distrust

Sample Distrust

Leader Distrust

Task

Sample Task

Leader Task

Belief in Ability to Control Events

Sample BACE

Leader BACE

In Group Bias

Sample IGB

Leader IGB

Self Confidence

Sample SC

Leader SC

Conceptual Complexity

Sample CC

Leader CC

Need for Power

Sample Power

Leader Power